Computational Analysis of Contact Stresses In Involute Spur Gears

The present paper investigates computational analysis of the contact stresses involved in an involute gear system using ANSYS simulation software. Gearing is one of the most critical components in mechanical power transmission systems. The computational simulation of contact stresses of two cylinders is carried out to validate the methodology with available analytical method, Hertz contact stress equation, which are originally derived for contact between two cylinders. The simulation of contact problems with ANSYS is carried out with the stiffness relationship between the two contact areas is usually established through a contact element, spring type is placed between the two contacting areas. The results of the two dimensional FEM analyses using ANSYS, a FEM solver software are presented. The results simulated are in agree with the theoretical values calculated using Hertz contact stress equation

Warming up brane-antibrane inflation

We show that, in constructions with additional intersecting D-branes, brane-antibrane inflation may naturally occur in a warm regime, such that strong dissipative effects damp the inflaton's motion, greatly alleviating the associated eta-problem. We illustrate this for D3-antiD3 inflation in flat space with additional flavor D7-branes, where for both a Coulomb-like or a quadratic hybrid potential a sufficient number of e-folds may be obtained for perturbative couplings and O(10-10^4) branes. This is in clear contrast with the corresponding cold scenarios, thus setting the stage for more realistic constructions within fully stabilized compactifications. Such models generically predict a negligible amount of tensor perturbations and non-gaussianity f_NL \sim O(10).Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures; version to be published in Physical Review

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Manufacturing Process and Emerging Advantage of Graphene Based Composites in Aerospace- A Review

The cardinal pillar for this paper is to showcase the composition of Graphene-based composites and reveal the hidden uses of Graphene-based composites in aerospace dominion. This paper briefly discusses the different methods by which graphene-based composites can be synthesized mostly those with functional polymers and inorganic nanostructures and additionally covers a few of the applications of graphene-based composites such as lightweight, fire retardancy, and additive manufacturing. Moreover, this detailed paper also brings up crucial highlights where graphene-based composites have covered long distances from the research lab to commercialization, specifically focusing on aerospace industries

Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Protocluster at z=3.786

We present new observations of the field containing the z=3.786 protocluster, PC217.96+32.3. We confirm that it is one of the largest and most overdense high-redshift structures known. Such structures are rare even in the largest cosmological simulations. We used the Mayall/MOSAIC1.1 imaging camera to image a 1.2x0.6 deg area (~150x75 comoving Mpc) surrounding the protocluster's core and discovered 165 candidate Lyman Alpha emitting galaxies (LAEs) and 788 candidate Lyman Break galaxies (LBGs). There are at least 2 overdense regions traced by the LAEs, the largest of which shows an areal overdensity in its core (i.e., within a radius of 2.5 comoving Mpc) of 14+/-7 relative to the average LAE spatial density in the imaged field. Further, the average LAE spatial density in the imaged field is twice that derived by other field LAE surveys. Spectroscopy with Keck/DEIMOS yielded redshifts for 164 galaxies (79 LAEs and 85 LBGs); 65 lie at a redshift of 3.785+/-0.010. The velocity dispersion of galaxies near the core is 350+/-40 km/s, a value robust to selection effects. The overdensities are likely to collapse into systems with present-day masses of >10^{15} solar masses and >6x10^{14} solar masses. The low velocity dispersion may suggest a dynamically young protocluster. We find a weak trend between narrow-band (Lyman Alpha) luminosity and environmental density: the Lyman Alpha luminosity is enhanced on average by 1.35X within the protocluster core. There is no evidence that the Lyman Alpha equivalent width depends on environment. These suggest that star-formation and/or AGN activity is enhanced in the higher density regions of the structure. PC217.96+32.3 is a Coma cluster analog, witnessed in the process of formation.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal (March 27, 2016